Abstract
Purpose: To describe the clinical features and risk factors of pediatric retinal detachment among patients in Indonesia. Methods: This is a retrospective study involving 46 eyes of 34 children (younger than 18 years) diagnosed with pediatric retinal detachment. A detailed history was taken and a complete ophthalmic examination and a systemic examination were performed as required. Clinical characteristics, risk factors, and treatment choices were noted. Retinal detachment was categorized as tractional, exudative, or rhegmatogenous. Results: Mean patient age was 8.5 years (range, 0–18 years). Most patients (70%) were boys. Twelve (35%) patients had bilateral involvement at presentation. Tractional retinal detachment was found in 17 eyes (37%) and in this study was caused by retinopathy of prematurity (grade IV-V) in all cases. Exudative retinal detachment was found in 12 eyes (26%), the most common causes of which were panuveitis and Coat’s disease (both 50%). Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment was found in 17 eyes (37%), the most common risk factor for which was trauma (58%). Conclusions: Different approaches are needed to treat pediatric retina detachment in patients with different risk factors. Recognition of risk factors and early management will help to prevent childhood blindness due to retinal detachment.
Highlights
Pediatric retinal detachment (RD) is a devastating ophthalmic condition if not properly treated
Tractional retinal detachment was found in 17 eyes (37%) and in this study was caused by retinopathy of prematurity in all cases
This study characterizes pediatric RD in a government tertiary referral hospital in Indonesia and highlights some differences in disease patterns compared with developed countries
Summary
Pediatric retinal detachment (RD) is a devastating ophthalmic condition if not properly treated. The surgical management of pediatric RD is difficult; prevention of the condition is important. Early detection and diagnosis is essential because timing is a crucial factor in the success of RD management. This is especially important in developing countries, where individuals often seek treatment too late for viable surgical management. We performed this study to describe the clinical characteristics and most common risk factors for pediatric RD in the Cicendo National Eye Hospital (CNEH), as the top referral eye hospital in Indonesia
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