PEDIATRIC NEUROSURGERY, MAIN ADVANCES AND CHALLENGES, A LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Pediatric neurosurgery is a surgical subspecialty focused on the treatment of congenital and acquired neurological pathologies that affect the central and peripheral nervous system in children. For a long time, this area was associated with general neurosurgery; however, due to advances in research focused on pediatric care,substantial differences were observed in the approach and care of this group of patients compared to adults. At first, the theme “Advances in Neurosurgery related to Artificial Intelligence, Robotics, and Augmented Reality” was established. Subsequently, the guiding question “What are the main technological advances in Neurosurgery, and what is the importance of this evolution in improving surgical practice?” was defined. Research has shown that traumatic brain injury (TBI) is more common in children and adolescents and is one of the main causes of death in this age group. Furthermore, the smaller number of researchers in the area means that research receives less attention. As a result, neuroimaging biomarkers are little researched and examined, which influences progress towards better treatment of injuries. The progress of this research has made it possible to review the literature on pediatric neurosurgery and the scarcity of studies in this area. It also has an insufficient number of specialized professionals and the techniques and studies that already exist are not applied on a large scale. As a result, the challenges encountered are still enormous and lead to a delay in the treatment of pediatric neurosurgical patients.