Pediatric Genitourinary Tumors-Clinicopathological Experience

Abstract

Objective: To document general baseline data on the patterns of childhood genitourinary tu- mors. Design, Setting and Participants: This is a retrospective analysis of 28 cases of pediatric geni- tourinary tumors (Age group 0-12 years) in surgical pathology in a tertiary care hospital en- countered over a period of 5 years. Results: In the genitourinary system tumors of the kidney, bladder, prostate, testis, and adrenal were included. A total of 3149 pediatric surgical specimen presented over a five years. Of this, 28 were diagnosed with genitourinary tumors. In the renal tumors only Wilm's tumors (WTs) (9 cases) was seen, with classical triphasic tumors were more common. The mean age of presenta- tion is 3 year with commonest age group of presentation (8 cases out of 9) in the age group 1-5 years. Three of them had showed unfavorable histology. Among the gonadal germ cell tumors, there were noted four mature teratoma, one immature teratoma, two yolk sac tumors of ovary & one yolk sac tumour in testis was seen. In the adrenal gland, adrenal medullary tumors were more common than adrenal cortex with neuroblastoma (4 of 10 cases) as common individual tumor. Conclusion: Different types of genitourinary tumors seen in the childhood. A high index of suspicion should be maintained with an aim of surgical treatment to avoid the poor manage- ment. Histological type is important for understanding etiology and progression of disease. The likelihood of a given type of tumor being present in a particular age or sex group or particular site may heighten the index of suspicion and ultimately influences etiology, biology, and natural history, relative incidence and distribution frequency, clinical presentation and manifestations, and response to therapy and outcome.