Abstract
According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 116 pedestrians were killed in motor vehicle crashes in Ohio in 2015. However, no study to date has analyzed crashes in Ohio in order to explore the factors contributing to the pedestrian injury severity resulting from motor vehicle crashes. This study fills this gap by investigating the crashes involving pedestrians exclusively in Ohio. This study uses the crash data from the Highway Safety Information System, from 2009 to 2013. The explanatory factors include the pedestrian, driver, vehicle, crash, and roadway characteristics. Both fixed- and random-parameters ordered probit models of injury severity (where possible outcomes are major, minor, and possible/no injury) were estimated. The model results indicate that older pedestrian (65 and over), younger driver (less than 24), driving under influence (DUI), struck by truck, dark-unlighted roadways, six-lane roadways, and speed limits of 40 mph and 50 mph were all factors associated with more severe injuries to the pedestrians. Conversely, older driver (65 and over), passenger car, crash occurring in urban locations, daytime traffic off-peak (10 a.m. to 3:59 p.m.), weekdays, and daylight condition were all factors associated with less severe injuries. This study provides specific safety recommendations so that effective countermeasures can be developed and implemented by policy makers, which in turn will improve overall highway safety.
Highlights
In the United States, 5376 pedestrians were killed and 70,000 were injured in traffic crashes in 2015; this number of fatality is the highest since 1996 [1]
Older driver (65 and over), passenger car, crash occurring in urban locations, daytime traffic off-peak
This study employed fixed- and random-parameters ordered probit models to analyze pedestrian, driver, vehicle, crash, and roadway factors associated with the injury severity of pedestrians from pedestrian-vehicle crashes in the state of Ohio using crash data from 2009 to 2013
Summary
In the United States, 5376 pedestrians were killed and 70,000 were injured in traffic crashes in 2015; this number of fatality is the highest since 1996 [1]. Every 1.6 h a pedestrian was killed and every 7.5 min a pedestrian was injured in traffic crashes, on average [1]. These fatalities accounted for about 15 percent of the total fatalities that occurred on highways in the U.S [2]. Traffic Safety Administration, 116 pedestrians were killed in motor vehicle crashes in Ohio in 2015 [1]. These large numbers of fatalities and injuries of pedestrians from motor vehicle crashes highlight the necessity of the analysis of such crashes. Several studies have been undertaken by researchers in the past investigating different crash factors related to pedestrian-vehicle crashes, such as pedestrian, driver, roadway, environmental, vehicle, crash, and land-use characteristics [3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16]
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