Pedal arch patency and not direct-angiosome revascularization predicts outcomes of endovascular interventions in diabetic patients with critical limb ischemia.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of pedal arch status and direct-angiosome revascularization (DAR) on clinical outcomes in diabetic patients with foot wounds undergoing endovascular revascularization. Between January 2014 and June 2015, 93 diabetic patients with foot wounds underwent endovascular revascularization of at least one below-the-knee vessel. Patients were divided into three groups according to the pedal arch status: complete pedal arch (CPA), incomplete pedal arch (IPA) and absent pedal arch (APA). Healing within 3 months and 1-year outcomes in terms of freedom from minor amputation, limb salvage, and survival were evaluated on the basis of DAR and pedal arch status. DAR did not affect healing within 3 months from the procedure (DAR, 13/55 cases, 23.6% vs. n-DAR, 9/38 cases, 23.7%; P=1), estimated 1-year freedom from minor amputation (DAR 74.4% vs. n-DAR 76.8%, P=0.80), limb salvage (DAR 88.2% vs. n-DAR 89.5%, P=0.44), and survival (DAR 83.3% vs. n-DAR 66.6%, P=0.15). Pedal arch had positive impact on wound healing within 3 months from the procedure (CPA 45.8% vs. IPA 12.5% vs. APA 20.7%, P=0.009), estimated 1-year limb salvage (CPA 100% vs. IPA 90.9% vs. APA 76.1%, P=0.02), and 1-year survival (CPA 100% vs. IPA 87.2% vs. APA 60.3%, P=0.02). DAR is not a predictor of good outcomes in diabetic patients undergoing endovascular procedure. Pedal arch patency seems to be a key factor to obtain good outcomes in terms of wound healing, and limb salvage.