Pedagogical strategies in medical education to the challenges of Covid-19: scoping review

Rodrigo Otávio Moretti-Pires,Zeno Carlos Tesser Junior,João Batista De Oliveira Junior,Daniel Canavese De Oliveira,Dalvan Antônio De Campos,Bárbara De Oliveira Turatti

doi:10.1590/1981-5271v45.1-20200350.ing

Abstract

Abstract: Introduction: The challenges brought by the continuity of the university teaching-learning process in the face of the measures to combat the pandemic of COVID-19 made the debate on the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in medical education more important. Several strategies were used by teachers worldwide to continue their teaching activities. Objective: to investigate the strategies and uses of ICT in medical education in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Five databases were systematically assessed, using the terms “COVID-19”, “medical education”, “higher education” and “students”, in Portuguese, English and Spanish, resulting in 321 initial citations, with 18 final references after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Result: Four key topics were identified in the literature: (1) Challenges for Medical Education prior to COVID-19; (2) Challenges in migrating to remote education; (3) Strategies to overcome challenges related to the learning environment; and (4) Strategies to overcome challenges related to assessments and exams. Conclusion: The use of ICT in medical education in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic showed to be especially important, with considerations regarding the improvement in areas that were already used, the migration of some more articulated areas and experiences in clinical and procedural disciplines. There was also concern about the impacts of using ICT to replace the in-person presence of students in medical learning environments.

Highlights

The challenges brought by the continuity of the university teaching-learning process in the face of the measures to combat the pandemic of COVID-19 made the debate on the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in medical education more important
The use of ICT in medical education in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic showed to be especially important, with considerations regarding the improvement in areas that were already used, the migration of some more articulated areas and experiences in clinical and procedural disciplines
Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar as estratégias e os usos de tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TIC) no ensino médico ante a pandemia de Covid-19

Summary

Introduction

The challenges brought by the continuity of the university teaching-learning process in the face of the measures to combat the pandemic of COVID-19 made the debate on the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in medical education more important. The use of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in medical education is not a new thing brought by COVID-19, since it has been used since the end of the 20th century[4], with extensive studies on its own protocols and pedagogical debates about these pedagogical strategies[5]. This is not a resource employed in all sectors of medical education, since the in-person model, centered on content and the development of clinical skills, is still prevalent[5]. Experiences have been recorded in the literature on medical education mediated by ICTs, including in advanced stages of the course, such as medical internship[6]

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