Abstract
In total, 168 beetle species from 25 families of the suborder Polyphaga have been recorded on winter wheat crops. 116 species (about 20 families) are registered as stratobionts: 14 were dominants, 32 – subdominants and about 70 species were very rare. The main representatives of stratobios were Staphylinidae, Silphidae, Dermestidae, Histeridae, some Elateridae and Scarabaeidae and most Tenebrionidae. Most staphylinids are more numerous in spring (late April – first half of May) and sometimes in summer (especially dominant Tachyporus hypnorum). A high number of Silphidae was noted by mid-May, but decreased in the summer months. Two peaks of abundance are characteristic of Anthicidae, Latridiidae and Cryptophagidae: the smaller in spring (the first half of May) and the maximum in summer (the second half of June – early July). The number of Dermestidae increases gradually from mid-May and reaches maximum from late May to early or mid-June. Among Tenebrionidae, the species of genera Opatrum and Gonocepalum are more numerous in spring than in summer. Crypticus quisquilius were numerous by mid-summer. Among Elateridae, high number of Agriotes sputator was recorded from May to mid-June, and the appearance of Aelosomus rossi was recorded from mid-April, with a peak in the first half of summer. In spring, some Scarabaeidae (some species of Geotrupinae and Pentodon idiota), Histeridae and some species of weevils were more numerous in summer. In years with different meteorological conditions, significant discrepancies were noted in the timing of the rise and fall in the number of many beetles. But smaller differences in the number of specimens are noted between different years in comparision with individual phases of wheat vegetation. Some features of the sex index of beetles (higher during egg laying) and the development of dominant species are briefly considered.
Highlights
The study of specifics of the seasonal changes in the abundance of insects, their mode of life and development in the conditions of agrocenoses is of special importance both for understanding the patterns of the formation of the structure of entomofauna and development of an integrated method of plant protection
Despite the interest continuously shown over 50 years in the entomofauna of agrocenoses, the patterns of seasonal dynamics and development of many coleopterans remains very unevenly studied in Ukraine and elsewhere
Most staphylinids were abundant in spring
Summary
The study of specifics of the seasonal changes in the abundance of insects, their mode of life and development in the conditions of agrocenoses is of special importance both for understanding the patterns of the formation of the structure of entomofauna and development of an integrated method of plant protection. Within the group of epigean beetles, the bulk of attention has been paid to one of the largest representatives of this group – ground beetles (Carabidae), which have been the focus in most ecologicalfaunistic studies related to the Coleoptera fauna of agrocenoses (Putchkov, 2018; Putchkov et al, 2019). Some publications do focus on the complex of epigean beetles (Hummel et al, 2002; Munteanua et al, 2014; Skoková-Habužstová et al, 2014; Brygadyrenko, 2014, 2016; Belitzkaya, 2015; Gospodarek et al, 2020), including such families as Silphidae and Dermestidae (Růžička, 1994; Pushkin, 1999, 2010). Much less research has been conducted on other families of beetles: skinbeetles and carrion-beetles (Dermestidae, Silphidae) (Putchkov, 1985, 2010), lamellicorn-beetles (Scarabaeidae) (Putchkov et al, 2017), clownbeetles (Histeridae) (Putchkov & Komaromi, 2018), darkling beetles (Tenebrionidae) (Cherney, 2005), click-beetles (Elateridae) (Dolin, 1982, 1988), weevils (Curculionidae) (Komaromi et al, 2019) and others (Putchkov, 1991; Sumarokov, 2009)
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