Abstract
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders are on the second place after immune system injury in HIV infection. Despite the large amount of studies, their mechanisms remain unclear especially in the subclinical stage. The purpose of our research was to study changes of brain functional state in HIV patients in different stages of the disease and revealing the early and probably prognostic features (characteristics) of subclinical neurocognitive disorders on the basis of combined analysis of the positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). The obtained data demonstrated local metabolic disturbances in gray and white matter in the early stages of HIV infection. These findings raise the question about the early implication of the highly active anti-retrovirus therapy (HAART) and neuroprotectors. The abundance of the metabolic changes increases with the progression of HIV clinical symptoms. Revealed characteristics of the glucose metabolic pattern in HIV patients and threshold values of the basic metabolites ratios in MRS could be used as a predictors of the further neurocognitive disorders.
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