Peculiarities of psychological preparation before surgery in the practice of paediatric orthopaedic traumatologist and surgeon

Abstract

Relevance. Psychological contact is defined as the patient's perception of previous communication with medical staff and the circumstances of their stay in the hospital. Interaction with a doctor and medical staff can significantly affect the patient's mental state before surgery, as well as the results of the operation itself, and has promising potential in improving medical practice and ensuring a high quality of medical services.The aim of the study is to investigate the methods of psychological contact in the process of preoperative preparation of children with exceptional traumas, which is necessary for the provision of adequate surgical care and positive results after surgery. Material and methods. The peculiarities of preoperative preparation of children of different ages were studied. Psychological contact with children was established according to the recommendations of psychologists and consisted of five stages. The main stages of psychological contact were overcoming a psychological barrier, finding common preferences, determining communication tactics, searching for obstacles to communication, and stabilizing the dialogue. The example of three clinical cases with exclusive traumas shows some features of establishing psychological contact before surgery. Clinical cases from practice, their course and treatment are described.The results of the study and their discussion. The main stages of psychological contact before surgery are highlighted and the main mistakes that can affect children's attitude before surgery are identified. Psychological preparation before surgery is mandatory, reducing the negative impact of stress and contributing to positive outcomes of surgeries. The study emphasises the importance of an individual approach to establishing psychological contact with children.Conclusions. For many children, going to the doctor is very stressful. Surgery is always unpleasant and causes anxiety and fear. Fear can be reinforced, nurtured to great lengths, or learned to be controlled. Psychological preparation before surgery is mandatory, it reduces the negative impact of stress and increases the positive results of the operation.