Abstract
Aims. The goal of the work is to determine the role and significance of the level of the secretory leucocyte proteinase inhibitor (SLPI) in children’s blood and urine with acute (A) and chronic (Ch) pyelonephritis (PN).
 Materials and methods. In 26 patients with ChPN in the stage of remission and in 12patients with ChPN at the stage of exacerbation, and in 19 patients with APN were used to study the level ofSLPI in children’s blood and urine by the enzyme–linked immunosorbent assay and corresponding test–systems.
 Results. It was found that statistically significant difference between the concentration ofSLPI in children with APN and ChPN, and, accordingly, in the acute stage and remission of ChPN not found (p<0.05). There is a correlation between the concentration ofSLPI and the number of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood (p<0,05) in patients with APN (rK=0,605) and with ChPN at the stage of exacerbation (rK=536). Correlations between the level ofSLPI, C–reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate and the numbers of neutrophils is not installed (p>0,05).
 Conclusions. The results indicated the participation ofSLPI into the pathogenesis of APN and ChPN at the stage of exacerbation.
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