Abstract
Review. The construction of the legal (legalistic) assessment that is widely applied in the context of criminal law has not been properly analyzed as an institution of the relevant branch of law. This article analyzes the concept of the legal (legalistic) assessment, considers the elements of its structure (object, subject, ground and nature) and peculiarities if its manifestation. The article examines the process of implementation of this construction within the framework of the branch of criminal law, in particular, it addresses the issue of consideration of the qualification of crimes (criminal law qualification) as a type of legal (legalistic) assessment. As the analysis of sources has shown, in the doctrine of criminal law the legal (legalistic) assessment has been applied to particular categories and subcategories of crimes, objects of criminal infringement, some elements of the objective side of the crime, actions the criminality of which can be excluded, particular insti-tutions of criminal law, particular articles of the CC of the RF, particular crim-inal law categories. The author justifies the statement that particular criminal law prohibitions must be subjected to the comprehensive assessment. A criminal law prohibition must be assessed as a regulatory legal prescription, a legislative legal construction that enshrines all possible types (models) of criminal conduct declared illegal under the criminal legislation in a specific historical period; as a formal state power command of regulatory nature that contains a personal obligation not to commit (omit to commit) socially dangerous acts declared illegal by the criminal law and that interpret social relations from the perspective of the mechanism of criminal law impact. The author concludes that in respect of a particular criminal prohibition its social causation and validity must be assessed, as well as its semantic content and the form of presentation as a criminal law prescription. At the same time the practice of implementation of a particular prohibition, i. e. its assessment as a state power command of regulatory nature, is to be assessed as well. Legal as-sessment of a criminal law prohibition that includes determination of its essential elements and characteristics and that is aimed at determining its social value is caused by the ambiguity of its social and legal nature. This is largely due to the grounds for assessment of a particular prohibition that also depend on the choice of the subject of assessment. Comprehensive legal assessment of a particular legal prohibition, having objective and subjective nature, should reflect the assessment of its various incarnations, acting as a bridge connecting theory and practice.
Highlights
Определение понятия правовой оценки применительно к отдельным институтам и конструкциям уголовного права имеет важное теоретическое и практическое значение
The article examines the process of implementation of this construction within the framework of the branch of criminal law, in particular, it addresses the issue of consideration of the qualification of crimes as a type of legal assessment
Legal as-sessment of a criminal law prohibition that includes determination of its essential elements and characteristics and that is aimed at determining its social value is caused by the ambiguity of its social and legal nature
Summary
В статье исследуется процесс использования данной конструкции в рамках отрасли уголовного права, в частности, затрагивается вопрос о рассмотрении квалификации преступлений (уголовно-правовой квалификации) как разновидности правовой (юридической) оценки. Комплексная правовая оценка конкретного уголовно-правового запрета, обладая объективно-субъективным характером, должна отражать в себе оценки его различных ипостасей, выступая мостом, соединяющем теорию и практику. Ключевые слова: правовая (юридическая) оценка, уголовное право, уголовно-правовой запрет, правовое предписание, квалификация преступлений, структура правовой оценки, объекты правовой оценки, субъект правовой оценки, основание правовой оценки, характер правовой оценки. В этом смысле правовая оценка является инструментом как в рамках процесса правового познания, так и в рамках правоприменения. Основание оценки — то, с точки зрения чего производится оценка, основания оценок могут быть различными в зависимости от свойств объектов и целей исследования.
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