Abstract
The freezing and melting phase transitions for gallium embedded into a porous glass with a pore size of about 8 nm were studied using acoustic, NMR, and x-ray techniques. It was shown that the broadened solidification and melting transitions upon deep cooling up to complete freezing at 165 K were due to the formation of β-Ga within pores. The offset of confined β-Ga melting was lowered by about 21 K compared to the bulk β-Ga melting point. Both melting and freezing in pores were irreversible. The fulfillment of some special thermal conditions led to gallium crystallization into other modifications. The role of heterogeneous crystallization in freezing of confined gallium is discussed.
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