Peculiarities of forming an economic mechanism of climate change mitigation in forestry

Abstract

The article substantiates the essence and approaches to the formation of an economic mechanism for mitigating the effects of climate change in forestry and its tools as a component of an adaptive forest management model. Based on the general theoretical methods of scientific knowledge, fundamental provisions of the economy of nature management, economic theory of sustainable development and management, the structure and components of the economic mechanism of mitigating the effects of climate change in the forestry industry have been proposed. It has been proved that such components of the economic mechanism should be target, functional and security blocks. The target block should be considered through the prism of its elements, which are the mission, goals, criteria for the purpose of evaluation, verification; functional block - planning and organization of activities, accounting and control of achieved results, marketing; security block - informational, resource, personnel, innovative, financial and economic support. It has been established that in order to ensure the effectiveness of the economic mechanism, its formation should be based on the principles of scientific substantiation, systemicity, flexibility, complexity, prevention of negative effects of climate change, transparency, justice and joint responsibility, as has been characterized in the article. The economic instruments for mitigating climate change in the forestry sector, which are classified according to the magnitude of the impact to the economic system: "strong"; "average"; "soft" have been defined as the elements of economic mechanism. "Strong" influence instruments include those that have a direct effect on mitigating climate change in the forestry sector and are related to administrative, control regulation. Instruments that are aimed at financial and economic stimulation of the behavior of economic actors in the medium-term strategy in the direction of providing ecologically balanced forest use, increasing adaptation potential of forests and forestry to climate change have been suggested as the instruments of "medium" influence. Instruments that determine the development of an environmentally oriented forest products and services market and have a long-term response time in the system of influence on the behavior of economic entities have been suggested as the instruments of "soft" influence. Research results can be used for scientific substantiation of improvement of forest management models in conditions of climate change and ensuring their practical implementation. Further research in this area should be related to the development of risk-oriented approaches to planning and multilateral decision-making with the participation of stakeholders.