Peculiarities of formation of the architectural-planning structure and typology of Russian marine stations 1950–1990

Abstract

Introduction. Maritime passenger transportation in Russia has a great potential for development. However, the infrastructure for servicing sea passenger traffic was formed during the Soviet period and most of its facilities need modernization and transformation, since they no longer meet modern requirements for providing comprehensive and high-quality passenger service. The purpose of the study is to analyze the Soviet experience of design and construction of sea stations to identify the main historical stages in the formation of the architecture of marine stations, the features of which can be taken into account when developing recommendations for their reconstruction.
 
 Materials and methods. To identify the historical stages of the formation of the architecture of marine stations on the territory of the Soviet Union, a complex approach was used, including a retrospective analysis, the study of literary, regulatory and legal acts, illustrative, graphic sources related to such objects.
 
 Results. The article reflects the experience of the construction of marine stations in the Soviet period and identifies two historical periods of the formation of their architecture. The characteristic of each of the stages is given based on the features of the functional organization and architectural and planning solutions of marine stations. The prerequisites for the transformation and reconstruction of existing facilities are highlighted and examples of these processes in Russia are given.
 
 Conclusions. The design of new marine station complexes, as well as the modernization of existing stations should meet the most modern international requirements for the development of the tourism industry, as well as take into account the historical features of their formation.