Abstract
The possibility of using sprayed water jets is established, primarily radial air jets, in vertical and horizontal planes in order to reduce the temperature of the burning Liquefied Petroleum Gas, starting from the cut-off of its expiration into free space. Various technical means of supplying water in a spray and spray nozzles for their creation, which are used in solving the problem of reducing the temperature of the burning Liquefied Petroleum Gas are viewed. It has been established that the active phase of the sprayed water jet is most effective (0,5-0,75 of the lengths), which, acting under the cut of the flame is crushed to a finely dispersed phase under the influence of a high-speed gas jet. As can be seen from the above, the heating rate of the finely dispersed water phase is increased up to the gaseous state, which leads to a decrease of the temperature of the flame in its middle combustion zone. Consequently, in the flame temperature will be much lower than the temperature of the flame cone, and, as a result, close to the extinction temperature. The authors recommend the use of modern jet-forming devices to realize this goal – nozzles NRT-5, NRT-10, NRT-20, NRS, as well as hand nozzles of the kind RSK-50, RS-А, RS-B, PROTEK. In order to cool, for example, one horizontal ground steel tank on both sides, it is necessary to use at least two hydraulic guns, which will act as maneuvering. In this case, the flow of water from the hydraulic gun with a diameter of the nozzle 25 mm will be from 16 to 18 liters per second. Therefore, the task is to find, calculate and experimentally prove the efficiency of the thermal screen, which is created in the form of a moving water surface that can effectively protect a particular physical object from the thermal impact of the heat zone. In order to reduce the flow of water to cool the tanks, the authors suggest using the NRS to create radial (flat) water jets. Application of such a nozzle allows to increase the area of simultaneous cooling of the maximum surface area per unit time due to the expansion of the angle of the spray jet spark. The water consumption does not exceed 13 liters per second.
Highlights
Peculiar features of the development of fires at the objects where Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is processed and stored are determined by the properties of this gas
During depressurization of the facilities and free emission of LPG to the atmosphere, due to the high velocity of evaporation vapor clouds of large size may be formed, which depend on the amount of gas, that immediately blasted, or the speed of the emission, as well as climatic conditions
Since the density of the vapor of most LPG exceeds the air density, vapor clouds can drift in the surface layer of the atmosphere at considerable distances
Summary
Peculiar features of the development of fires at the objects where Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is processed and stored are determined by the properties of this gas. During depressurization of the facilities and free emission of LPG to the atmosphere, due to the high velocity of evaporation vapor clouds of large size may be formed, which depend on the amount of gas, that immediately blasted, or the speed of the emission, as well as climatic conditions (wind speed, air temperature, etc.). The most probable cause of an emergency leakage of the product is the loss of tightness of the equipment due to a violation of the technological process and malfunction of emergency systems and devices. An outbreak occurs from a third-party source, because the maximum temperature of the product does not exceed the temperature of self-ignition
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