Peculiarities of Demographic Development of North Ossetia: Problems and Solutions

Abstract

The Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, like many other Russian regions, has entered the stage of a demographic crisis, which is expressed in a steady decline in the population. The factors of population decline were the decrease in the birth rate and the increase in mortality recorded over the past seven years, as well as the migration of the young population due to the socio-economic situation in the region. The lack of jobs and low wages affected the decisions of young people to stay in the region. In recent years, the outflow of young people to the capital and regions remote from North Ossetia has increased, which has led to an increase in the proportion of the elderly and a decrease in the reproductive population of the region. The decrease in the natural demographic potential of the region is the main feature of the population and a significant problem in achieving the goals of the socio-economic development of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania. Solving the demographic problems of the region requires an integrated approach, including state support, social programs, economic development and community participation. The basis for possible solutions to the demographic problems of North Ossetia is the creation of favorable conditions for business development and attraction of investments. The development of creative industries and the development of the digital economy can contribute to the improvement of the economic situation in the region. It is also important to develop the educational system and provide young people with opportunities for professional and personal development. To solve the problem of the outflow of young people, it is necessary to create conditions for high-quality education and the development of the sphere of culture and sports, since a comfortable environment, attractive universities and opportunities for self-development can help keep young people in the region. In addition, the state can provide special benefits and incentives for young families so that they decide to have children and stay in the region. Support for family and reproductive health, the construction of affordable housing and the development of infrastructure for children and youth are important effective measures for demographic development.