PECULIARITIES OF CREATION OF MISCANTHUS SINENSIS AND MISCANTHUS SACCHARIFLORUS TETRAPLOID LINES

Abstract

The work aimed at creating tetraploid lines of Miscanthus sinensis and Miscanthus sacchariflorus species. To achieve this goal, we used methods of microclonal propagation, fluorescence cytophotometry, and genomic status differentiation using computer software of AP ‘Partec’ (Germany). It was found that the percentage of cultivated shoots of Miscanthus sacchariflorus for an exposure period of 1 day was 18.86 ± 5.37%. To compare, it was51.78 ± 6.51% in Miscanthus sinensis. The best indicators of tetraploid induction in Miscanthus sinensis were observed for the exposure to colchicine for 2 days with polyploidization efficiency of 31.25% and 21.42%, and in Miscanthus sacchariflorusf or 2 hours and 6 hours with rates of 35.0% and 27.3%, respectively. To stabilize the tetraploid level of genome ploidy, we used Murashige and Skoog liquid media (1962) supplemented with 0.005% colchicine and an exposure period of myxoploids for 6 hours. The flowering of new tetraploid clones in the conditions of Ukraine was observed on the second year of vegetation in late September and the beginning of October with the formation of fertile pollen grains. However, development of a microgametophyte depends on temperature conditions, both for Miscanthus sinensis (4x) and Miscanthus sacchariflorus (4x). Breeding schemes for the formation of anisoploid populations have also been developed: M sinensis (4x) x M sinensis (2x); M. sa?chariflorus (4x) x M sinensis (2x); M sinensis (4x) x M. sachariflorus (2x)