Peculiarities of corn yield formation depending on the influence of elements of growing technology

Abstract

Purpose. To establish the peculiarities of the photosynthetic parameters formation of corn crops depending on agro-technological practices in the South-Steppe region of Ukraine.
 Methods. Field and laboratory research methods and statistical methods, such as descriptive statistics and analysis of variance.
 Results. The leaf area during the growing season of corn increased and was the maximum in the flowering phase of the corn cob in comparison with other phases of growth and development and averaged 37.35 thousand m2/ha. However, the best results (39.52 thousand m2/ha) were with the use of the destructor StimOrganic (2 l/ha), urease inhibitor (nitrification) Stabiluren 30 and foliar feeding Aminomax and Aidamin complex fertilizer (40.23 thousand m2/ha). It was also found that the formation of dry matter was influenced by experimental factors. Thus, in general, during the growing season of corn for the use of the destructor StimOrganic (2 l/ha) in combination with urease inhibitor (nitrification) Stabiluren 30 and foliar feeding Aminomax (1 l/ha) accumulated yield was 9.79 t/ha, while with Aidamin complex fertilizer (2 l/ha) the yield was 10.11 t/ha of dry matter (to compare, 7.51 t/ha in the control version). The maximum photosynthetic potential of the experiment was identified in the interphase period from the formation of 15 leaves to flowering cob. It was found that the best values of photosynthetic potential were on the options of using the destructor StimOrganic (2 l/ha) in combination with urease inhibitor (nitrification) Stabiluren 30 and foliar feeding Aminomax (1 l/ha), 0.99 thousand m2/ha, and in the treatment with Aidamin complex fertilizer (2 l/ha), 1.00 thousand m2/ha.
 Conclusions. Activation of growth processes caused by the use of foliar fertilization contributed to the formation of the best indicators of net productivity of photosynthesis in the interphase period from the formation of 15 leaves to flowering cobs. But in the phase from milk ripeness to full ripeness of corn grain against the background, the best values obtained by the action of urease inhibitor (nitrification) Stabiluren 30, were leveled up by the the effect of foliar feeding.