Abstract
The problem of hormonal imbalance in periodontal diseases, as well as the importance of endocrine diseases in its development, plays a significant role. In the professional literature there are data that thyroid disease is a risk factor for the occurrence and further progression of periodontal diseases. The processes of bone modeling and remodeling and its mineralization are closely related to calcium metabolism. The biochemical manifestation of osteoporotic processes in the alveolar bone in generalized periodontitis is a violation of calcium-phosphorus homeostasis against the background of altered markers of bone metabolism. The aim of our investigation was to study the calcium-phosphorus homeostasis of the oral fluid in patients with primary hypothyroidism and persons without endocrine pathology, with generalized periodontitis. Since in the structure of periodontal diseases in the study groups generalized periodontitis of the initial-I and II degree had the largest percentage, biochemical studies were performed in this sample of patients. The first group included 50 people with generalized periodontitis against the background of primary hypothyroidism: 25 patients – with generalized periodontitis of the initial-I degree and 25 patients with generalized periodontitis of the II degree of development. The second group included 50 patients with generalized periodontitis without endocrinological pathology (25 patients with GP of the initial-I degree and 25 patients with GP of the II degree of development). In young people with generalized periodontitis, against the background of hypothyroidism, there were observed negative changes in calcium-phosphorus homeostasis of the oral fluid: there was a tendency to the decrease of calcium content in the oral fluid with the development of inflammatory-dystrophic process in the periodontium, on the contrary, phosphorus level has increased. Negative dynamics of calcium-phosphorus molar coefficient was found in patients with hypofunction of the thyroid gland. Thus, the analysis of research results shows that in young people with periodontal diseases and hypothyroidism there is a pathological change in metabolic processes, increased excretion of mineral components, especially calcium. Periodontal pathology against the background of hypothyroidism is characterized by the development of a chronic inflammatory process together with a pronounced decrease in calcium-phosphorus homeostasis of the oral fluid.
Highlights
The number of organs and systems responding to thyroid hormones includes the issues of thyroidology into the field of interest of various medical specialties, and the growing incidence of thyroid diseases among the population brings these problems to the forefront of modern endocrinology
The biochemical manifestation of osteoporotic processes in the alveolar bone in generalized periodontitis is a violation of calcium-phosphorus homeostasis against the background of altered markers of bone metabolism [911]
Quantitative determination of phosphorus content in the oral fluid was performed with atomic-absorption spectrophotometry using standard sets of reagents and control sera Filo-Norm, Filo-Pat made by company SpineLab (Ukraine) on the atomic-sorption spectrophotometer Saturn-3, equipped with an electrothermal atomizer Graphite-2 according to the standard method described in the factory operating instructions
Summary
The number of organs and systems responding to thyroid hormones includes the issues of thyroidology into the field of interest of various medical specialties, and the growing incidence of thyroid diseases among the population brings these problems to the forefront of modern endocrinology. The problem of hormonal imbalance in periodontal diseases, as well as the importance of endocrine diseases in its development, has a significant role. It is known that the state and interaction of the main regulatory systems (nervous, endocrine and immune ones) determines the homeostasis of the organism and its reaction to any pathogenic influence. In the professional literature there are data that thyroid diseases are some risk factors for the occurrence and further progression of periodontal diseases [4,5,6,7,8]
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