Abstract
Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory effect and mechanism of collagen degradation by Pectinase-assisted Halophyte Complex Extract (PHCE) in hairless mice. Collagen expression in vitro was measured using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and Western blotting. After collecting mice skin in vivo, histological analysis was performed with Hematoxylin & Eosin (H & E) and trichrome stain. Molecular expression was measured by western blot analysis. In HaCaT cells, the collagen expression level was increased compared to the positive control group. Epidermal thickness inhibition and collagen expression levels were also increased in the skin of a hairless mouse model. Western blot analysis confirmed the increase in collagen and elastin by inhibiting phosphorylation of NF-κB and decreasing the expression of matrix metalloproteinases-1 (MMP-1) and matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9). The skin protective effect of PHCE is considered to be due to inhibition of MMPs expression through inhibition of NF-κB activation. Therefore, PHCE can be considered as a candidate material as a food material that can improve skin damage caused by UV rays.
Highlights
The skin is an organ that occupies the largest area in the human body
Ultraviolet rays (UV)-induced damage to the skin produces matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) through cellular signaling pathways (Pittayapruek et al, 2016) When the skin is damaged by UV, it increases the expression of matrix metalloproteinases-1 (MMP-1), which initiates the degradation of type I collagen, and matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9), which further degrades collagen fragments (Kähäri & Saarialho‐Kere, 1997)
As a result of evaluating the expression level of collagen in the cell culture medium by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) experiment, it was shown that the expression level of collagen in the Pectinase-assisted Halophyte Complex Extract (PHCE)-treated group was increased compared to that of the non-treated group (Figure 1B)
Summary
The skin is an organ that occupies the largest area in the human body. It protects the body from external stimuli such as pathogens, solar radiation. The main extracellular matrix, is a representative fibrous protein present throughout the body, and there are 14 types, of which type I collagen is mainly present in the skin to maintain skin elasticity (Parvizi & Kim, 2010; Uitto et al, 1989). UV-induced damage to the skin produces matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) through cellular signaling pathways (Pittayapruek et al, 2016) When the skin is damaged by UV, it increases the expression of MMP-1, which initiates the degradation of type I collagen, and MMP-9, which further degrades collagen fragments (Kähäri & Saarialho‐Kere, 1997). Expression of MMPs is through the NF- κB signaling pathway (Jesumani et al, 2019)
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