Abstract
Pectin nanogels were fabricated with norbornene group functionalized pectin, dithiol crosslinker, and thiolated ovalbumin (OVA) via a thiol-norbornene photo-click reaction and ultrasonication to develop a novel transcutaneous antigen-delivery carrier. In bulk gel characterization, the physical properties and OVA-loading efficiency were modulated by controlling the crosslinking density and stoichiometric balance between thiol and norbornene groups. Pectin nanogels were of uniform size (∼200 nm in diameter) and quite stable under storage conditions (4 °C). The OVA-loaded pectin nanogels penetrated the stratum corneum and were deposited in both the epidermis and dermis, while soluble OVA did not penetrate the stratum corneum layer. The nanogels were internalized by dendritic cells derived from THP-1 monocytes, inducing the upregulation of maturation markers. These results indicate that pectin nanogels are promising carriers for transcutaneous antigen delivery.
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