Pectin Esterase in Relation to Leaf Abscission in Coleus and Phaseolus

Abstract

Pectin esterase (PE) activities in abscission zones, other portions of leaves, and adjacent stem tissues were compared in attached leaves and abscissing petioles (previously debladed) of Coleus blumei Benth. and Phaseolus vulgaris L., cv. Canadian Wonder. Earlier findings of Osborne in bean were confirmed and changes in PE activity in coleus were shown to resemble those in bean in some respects. In both plants PE was lower in the distal portion of abscission zones of abscissing petioles than in that portion of attached leaves but this difference was not as large or as consistently clear-cut in coleus as in bean. The general level of PE activity was an order of magnitude lower and changes associated with abscission were smaller in coleus than in bean. Auxin treatment of debladed petioles of coleus prevented abscission and resulted in small increases in PE activity in abscission zones and most of the other regions sampled. The largest increase was observed in the stem tissue adjacent to the attached leaf opposite the debladed, auxin treated one.The activity of coleus PE was highest in the pH range from 7.3 to 7.6. The pH of distal tissue from abscission zones of abscissing petioles was 5.8. This was 0.7 pH units lower than that of proximal tissue from the same zones.PE from both coleus and bean appears to be denatured by freezing and/or thawing.