Abstract
Abstract The high variability in physiologically different stages of leaves and susceptibility of pecan [Carya illinoensis (Wangenh.) C. Koch] cultivars to the pecan scab [Cladosporium caryigenum (Ell. et Lang) Gottwald] fungus prompted an evaluation of phylloplane-associated substances (PASs) that influence fungal conidia germination. Germination of conidia was evaluated in several TLC fractions derived from water or dichloromethane leachates of the phylloplane of pecan leaves. Reciprocal tests of pecan scab conidia isolated from ‘Schley’ and ‘Stuart’ against phylloplane leachates from both ‘Schley’ and ‘Stuart’ were conducted. Several PASs proved to have either inhibitory, neutral, or promotive effects on conidia germination. 5-hydroxy-1,4-napthoquinone (juglone) was identified as one such substance and was observed to be a strong inhibitor of conidia germination, but had no effect on colony growth or sporulation. The susceptibility of pecan foliage to pecan scab appears to be partially dependent on phylloplane composition.
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