Abstract
Cu2O supported on peanut shell (Cu2O@PS) was prepared by the reaction of copper acetate and peanut shell powder as a naturally available biopolymer support. The prepared catalyst was used as an efficient and reusable heterogeneous catalyst in the click reaction of benzyl halide or phenacyl bromides, acetylenes and sodium azide for the synthesis of potentially biologically active 1,2,3-triazoles under ultrasonic irradiation in EtOH-H2O as green solvent.
Highlights
Green chemistry is one of the most important research activities for chemists, both in the laboratory and industry
Transition metal-catalyzed click synthesis of triazoles is a powerful method for the synthesis of diverse complex molecules
The Cu2O@PS nanocomposite obtained by the reaction of peanut shell powder with copper acetate in water at 70 °C for 5 h
Summary
Green chemistry is one of the most important research activities for chemists, both in the laboratory and industry. Forasmuch as copper-catalyzed click reaction is one of the best methods for the synthesis of 1,2,3-triazoles [13, 14], numerous homogeneous copper catalysts have been reported [15, 16] Most of these successful methods suffer from nonreusability of the catalysts, and the usage of toxic and/or expensive ligands [17–20]. Peanut shell as an agro-industrial waste containing considerable fraction of the biodegradable lignocellulosic waste [31] is discarded in the environment or burned about 13.7 million tons per year [32, 33]. This promising natural and renewable raw material consists of a combination of lignin, cellulose, proteins and hemicellulose biopolymers (Fig. 1) [34, 35]. Peanut shell is an attractive candidate as a natural, renewable, non-toxic and very low, or no cost environmentally friendly support for metal nanoparticles
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