Peak Oxygen Consumption and Metabolic Efficiency of Runners

Abstract

Run performance is related to peak metabolic ability (peak VO2), anaerobic threshold (AnT) and metabolic efficiency (mEFF). Improvements in any of the aforementioned variables is purported to enhance run performance, consequently, elite runners may be expected to display values that are superior to novice and average runners. PURPOSE: To compare the peak oxygen consumption, anaerobic threshold and submaximal metabolic efficiency of running among novice, average, and elite runners. METHODS: Forty three runners (age 37.9 ± 8.8 yr, ht 175.3 ± 15.4 cm, bm 78.6 ± 12.7 kg), who were classified as novice (race finish below the 50th percentile), average (race finish 50th-95th percentile), or elite (race finish above the 95th percentile) performed incremental maximal tests and submaximal efficiency trials on a treadmill. A speed protocol starting at 161 m/min and increasing by 13.4 m/min each 3 minute stage was employed. Metabolic efficiency was determined at anaerobic threshold. Open circuit spirometry was used to measure energy cost, heart rate was obtained by telemetry, and blood lactate samples were obtained at the end of each stage. AnT was determined by serial lactate samples, excess CO, Ve/VO ratio, and disproportionate changes in Ve. RESULTS: Table 1TableStatistical analysis by ANOVA (p<.05) revealed a significant difference among elite versus novice and average runners in peak VO2, peak run speed, AnT (mL/kg-min) and AnT speed. Run efficiency was not significantly different among any of the three groups. CONCLUSION: With the exception of metabolic efficiency, the metabolic differences among elite versus both novice and average runners account, in a large part, for the difference in performance. In races of 5–10 km, the difference in anaerobic threshold should be considered a major contributor to determining performance.