Abstract
The equations of Van Deemter, Giddings, Huber, Knox and Horváth for the height equivalent to a theoretical plate ( H) are tested against over 25 data sets of experimental values of H and the mobile phase linear velocity ( u) obtained for columns packed with silica gel. Each data set contains at least 10 complementary pairs of H and u values and furthermore, each H and u value was taken as the mean of at least three replicate measurements, thus, involving a total of over 750 individual and precise measurements of H and u. The maximum standard error for any set of replicate measurements was 2%. The data were obtained for silica gels having four different particle diameters, for six solvent mixtures and nine different solutes. It is shown that over the velocity range of 0.02–1 cm/sec, the Van Deemter equation accurately predicts the experimentally determined relationship between H and u. Consequently, under normal operating conditions in liquid chromatography, employing silica gel as the stationary phase Van Deemter equation can be employed with confidence in column design.
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