Abstract
This paper describes a novel optimization-based analysis framework to evaluate the cost benefits of retrofit programs of existing Saudi housing stocks with the main objective to reduce their electrical peak demands. The retrofit programs are developed to minimize the cost for peak demand reduction while maximizing energy use savings to select sets of energy efficiency and renewable energy technologies for various residential building prototypes prevalent in Saudi Arabia. The effectiveness of large-scale implementations of optimal retrofit packages is evaluated to assess their cost benefits as well as their effects on shaping Saudi electrical load profiles. It found that the optimal retrofits are more effective than the deployment of rooftop PV systems in reducing both peak demand and annual energy consumption for Saudi housing stock. In particular, the analysis indicates that retrofitting the housing stock with one energy efficiency measure reduces electrical peak demand at 779 USD/kW lower than that attributed to deploying rooftop PV systems.
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