Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy and Its Interrelationship with Nuclear Non-proliferation and Disarmament

Abstract

The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) is based on three equally important pillars: non-proliferation of nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices; the development and use of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes; and disarmament. Because of the strong interrelationship between these different objectives, none of them can be examined in isolation. This Chapter explores this interrelationship, focussing on the key issues of peaceful uses, i.e. safety and security of nuclear material and facilities. It provides a precis of tasks and activities towards this end, considers the relevant roles of nation States and the International Atomic Energy Agency, and ultimately presents some conclusions for international cooperation in this sensitive field where political discussion too often dominates over legal analysis.