Abstract
On June 12, 1849, Richard Cobden delivered a speech before the House of Commons defending his call for the introduction of international arbitration in all future treaties between Britain and other nations. Although many members of Parliament thought his plan absurd, Cobden's plea was considered respectfully. In his delivery, Cobden noted with sadness and alarm the cost of preparing and maintaining readiness for war. He deplored the fact that inventions capable of advancing the “unalloyed” progress of mankind, such as Fulton's steam engines, were being turned instead into steam navies. He derided the concept of defensive war, and asked if Britain's honor could not instead be preserved by better means, particularly through the expedient of treaties that designated a neutral “umpire” to settle potential disputes between nations.
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