Abstract
This article focuses on cycles and various types of peace movements over the past 200 years and in particular upon contemporary peace movements. We organize peace movements into two broad categories – negative peace movements and positive peace movements. Negative peace movements reactively mobilize to try to stop military interventions, prevent an imminent war, stop an ongoing war, or eliminate instruments of war, particularly those that may spark an arms race or lead to destabilizing relations between combative nations. Positive peace movements proactively seek to eliminate the root causes of warfare by establishing international organizations, promoting human rights, establishing social justice, and eliminating other causes of war.
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