Abstract
BackgroundThis study was aimed to investigate whether regeneration of periodontal ligament (PDL) like tissue could be promoted by stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF1) and bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP7) induced cell homing in delayed replantation of avulsed teeth.MethodsCanine mandibular premolar teeth were first extracted and air-dried for 2 h followed by complete detachment of their PDL tissues. The crown and pulp of the teeth were also removed. Twenty-four roots divided into two groups (n = 12/group) were used for the following in vivo transplantation. The roots of Group A were treated with 17 % EDTA for 24 h to achieve demineralization, and then coated with SDF1 and BMP7 supplemented collagen solution. The roots of Group B were similarly treated except being coated with a pristine collagen solution. The above roots were transplanted in the sockets that formed previously during tooth extraction. At 6 months’ post-operation, PDL-like tissue composed of spindle-shaped cells, capillaries and highly organized collagen fibers was observed in the interstitial space between the avulsed root surface and surrounding alveolar bone in Group A. The neo-fibers inserted deeply and perpendicularly into the cementum and adjacent bone. The periodontium-like characteristics of the neo-tissue was confirmed by immunohistochemical staining for collagen I, fibronectin and osteocalcin.ResultsA high incidence of PDL re-establishment as 42 % was achieved for samples of Group A. However, no PDL-like tissue was found but root ankylosis and replacement resorption as well as inflammatory resorption was observed in the replanted roots of Group B.ConclusionsIt can be confirmed that avulsed teeth could be successfully rescued even in delayed transplantation to avoid dentoalveolar ankylosis or replacement resorption via the current developed cell homing method.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12967-015-0719-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Highlights
This study was aimed to investigate whether regeneration of periodontal ligament (PDL) like tissue could be promoted by stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF1) and bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP7) induced cell homing in delayed replantation of avulsed teeth
It can be seen that at 6 months after replantation the interstitial space between alveolar bone and the replanted root were already filled with a high content of newly formed PDL-like connective tissue
The newly formed bundles of collagen fibers interposed between the cementum on the root surface and the adjacent alveolar bone
Summary
This study was aimed to investigate whether regeneration of periodontal ligament (PDL) like tissue could be promoted by stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF1) and bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP7) induced cell homing in delayed replantation of avulsed teeth. Tooth avulsion is complete displacement of a tooth from its socket, which is one of the most common but severe case in dental trauma [1]. It renders immediate but severe injury on periodontal ligament (PDL). The avulsed teeth could be saved with their function recovered and aesthetic requirements satisfied. Such kind of success was reported to be occurred only as low as 4 % due to the fact that most cases of replantation were delayed [5,6,7]
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