Abstract
The pharmacist thanks to his privileged position in the health care system can closely measure the medication adherence of his patients by indirect methods but does not have an adapted tool to his specific practice. Thus, it makes sense for us to create the first specific self-reported questionnaire in French in order to meet the new pharmaceutical care accountabilities of community pharmacists in France as well in other French-speaking countries. To build the "TOP score", we established a group of experts in medication adherence as well as patients to find out the factors that can influence adherence during drug dispensations.A first set of 20 questions was established and were retained to evaluate their psychometrics properties (internal consistency,test-retest reliability, sensitivity to change and external consistency with French Girerd score). This study validated the psychometric properties of the French version of “TOP score”, a self-reported questionnaire measuring the medication adherence of chronic patients.The analyses of the “TOP score” questionnaire through PCA revealed two key dimensions which explore the relationship between the patient and their health professionals (D1) as well as the patient’s knowledge of his treatment (D2). The “TOP score” has adequate internal consistency satisfying the recommended threshold value of 0.70 (Cronbach 's alpha). The test-retest reproducibility was also excellent (ICC= 0.89694). Sensitivity to change show that all dimensions and sub-dimensions differ significantly (p<0.0001) at six months suggested that the questionnaire could be used for measuring change over time. The overall “TOP score” revealed good external validity by demonstrating significant Pearson Correlation Coefficient against the Girerd score (0.51). The “TOP score” questionnaire is a practical and valid tool for identifying specific patients related to medication adherence. He has been developed with a strong methodology and seems to be reliable for assessing the medication adherence in daily community pharmacy practice.
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