Abstract
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid carcinoma. To investigate the clinical significance of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 (PDK1) in PTC. A total of 194 PTC patients were recruited. Contralateral normal thyroid tissues were obtained and used as controls (n = 80). The expression levels of PD-L1, PDK1 and p-Akt were determined using immunohistochemistry. The PD-L1, PDK1 and p-Akt were upregulated in cancer tissues compared to the normal tissues. The mean optical density (MOD) values of PD-L1, PDK1 and p-Akt were significantly higher in the PTC tissues. The expression of PD-L1 positively correlated with the levels of PDK1 and p-Akt. In addition, the expression of PD-L1, PDK1 and p-Akt in PTC patients without chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (CLT) was significantly higher than the expression of those proteins in the CLT patients. The patients with higher expression levels of PD-L1, PDK1 or p-Akt had remarkably larger tumors and higher rates of TNM III-IV, capsular infiltration, lymph node metastasis, and of recurrence. The Kaplan-Meier curve showed that patients with lower expression of PD-L1, PDK1 or p-Akt had significantly longer recurrence-free time. The logistic regression analysis revealed that only CLT, PD-L and capsular infiltration were risk factors for patients' five-year recurrence. The PD-L1, PDK1 and p-Akt were found to be positively correlated with a poor prognosis in PTC.
Highlights
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid carcinoma.[1,2] It accounts for about 70–85% of all thyroid carcinoma cases.[3,4] Compared to other types of thyroid carcinomas, such as follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC), PTC has a better prognosis with a five-year survival rate of over 90%.5,6 lymph node metastasis and recurrence are very common in PTC patients.[7]
The programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), PDK1 and p-Akt were found to be positively correlated with a poor prognosis in PTC
Our data showed that PD-L1, PDK1 and p-Akt were upregulated in PTC patients, especially those without chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (CLT), and that the high expression of PD-L1, PDK1 and p-Akt was correlated with a poor prognosis of PTC
Summary
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid carcinoma.[1,2] It accounts for about 70–85% of all thyroid carcinoma cases.[3,4] Compared to other types of thyroid carcinomas, such as follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC), PTC has a better prognosis with a five-year survival rate of over 90%.5,6 lymph node metastasis and recurrence are very common in PTC patients.[7]. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid carcinoma.[1,2] It accounts for about 70–85% of all thyroid carcinoma cases.[3,4]. Compared to other types of thyroid carcinomas, such as follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC), PTC has a better prognosis with a five-year survival rate of over 90%.5,6. Lymph node metastasis and recurrence are very common in PTC patients.[7]. Recurrence has been reported in 15–30% of cases and lymph node metastasis occurs in 5–10% of PTC patients.[8,9]. For these patients, the five-year survival rate is only about 50%.10. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid carcinoma
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