Abstract
Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms grade 3 (GEP-NENs G3) are rare tumors. These highly aggressive neoplasms are traditionally treated with platinum-based chemotherapy in combination with etoposide. Immune checkpoint proteins such as programmed cell death ligand (PD-L1) may have a role in different cancers allowing them escape the immune system and hence, progress. We aimed to investigate the immunohistochemical expression of PD-L1 in GEP-NEN G3 and evaluate its correlation to clinical parameters. In a cohort of 136 patients, 14 (10%) expressed PD-L1 immunoreactivity; four (3%) patients in the tumor cells and 10 (7%) had immunoreactive immune cells. PD-L1 expression did not correlate to clinical parameters, progression-free survival or overall survival. We conclude that PD-L1 expression is present only in a subset of GEP-NEN G3 patients. Further studies are needed to fully understand the role of PD-L1 in patients with GEP-NEN G3, including the future possibility for treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Highlights
Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are rare solid epithelial tumors with neuroendocrine differentiation
The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in GEP-NENs and describe its relation to other histopathological and clinical parameters including treatment outcome
PD-L1 IR was defined as tumor cells (TCs) and/or immune cells (ICs) with positive staining
Summary
Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are rare solid epithelial tumors with neuroendocrine differentiation. The tumors show immunoreactivity (IR) for either one or both of the neuroendocrine biomarkers chromogranin A (CgA) and synaptophysin (Syn) [1, 2]. PD-L1 in GEP-NENs G3 and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript
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