Abstract
A Pd colloid prepared by reduction of the [Pd(η3-allyl)2Cl]2 precursor with Vcp2 (vanadocene) in presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a protecting polymer was found to be an active and stable catalyst of methoxycarbonylation of iodobenzene carried out in an ionic liquid (IL) medium of [bmim]X and/or [bumepy]X (bmim = 1-methyl-3-butyl imidazolium cation, bumepy = 1-butyl-4-methyl pyridinium cation, X = Cl, BF4, PF6) or in the presence of ammonium salts of [R4N]X type (R = nBu, Et, Me; X = Cl, Br, I). The yield of benzoic acid methyl ester produced in methoxycarbonylation of iodobenzene in ionic liquids depends on their structure: those with the pyridinium cation are much more effective than those with the imidazolium one. At the optimal concentration of methanol, the yield of methoxycarbonylation reaction catalyzed by Pd colloid decreases in the order: [nBu4N]Br > [nBu4N]I > [nBu4N]Cl > [bumepy]PF6 > [Et4N]Br > [bumepy]Cl > [bumepy]BF4 > [Et4N]Cl > [bmim]PF6 > [bmim]BF4 > [bmim]Cl.
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