Abstract
Immune responses have long been an area of interest in cancer research. In this study, the effects of programmedcell death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L2)on the prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) were investigated. Primary tumour specimens of stage III CRC patients operated between 2002 and 2013 were assessed for PD-1 and PD-L2 expression and various clinicopathological and prognostic factors. We observed a significant relationship between poor prognostic factors and PD-1/PD-L2 expression. These biomarkers were also found to serve as independent risk factors for LIR and MSI. In univariate analysis, relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were found to be poor in PD-1 and PD-L2positive patients. In multivariate analysis, these biomarkers were found to serve as independent poor prognostic factors for RFS and OS. Our data indicate that PD-1 and PD-L2may serve as independent prognostic survival parameters for CRC patients and may be employed for the design of targeted therapies.
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