Abstract
Women with both type 1 diabetes and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) represent a unique population, with long term implications on fertility and diabetic complications, which need to be addressed. The studies reviewed herein address the increased incidence of PCOS in women with type 1 diabetes. The leading theories suggest that the underlying pathophysiology is related to intensive insulin therapy and resulting ovarian hyperandrogenism. We have searched the literature to determine what studies have been done to address the role of insulin resistance and insulin sensitizers for reduction of hyperandrogenism in these patients. According to the available evidence, we conclude that metformin may have a role in reducing the androgenic picture in type 1 patients with PCOS and insulin resistance.
Highlights
Polycystic ovarian syndrome is one of the most common female endocrinologic disorders
According to the available evidence, we conclude that metformin may have a role in reducing the androgenic picture in type 1 patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and insulin resistance
PCOS and hyperandrogenism have been reported in many patients with type 1 diabetes
Summary
Polycystic ovarian syndrome is one of the most common female endocrinologic disorders. The syndrome is usually associated with insulin resistance, obesity, and type 2 diabetes. This is in contrast to type 1 diabetes which is characterized by autoimmune destruction of insulin producing beta cells of the pancreas, leading to absolute insulin deficiency. Research suggests that insulin resistance can occur in many type 1 diabetics. This article focuses on typical type 1 diabetic women who appear to have insulin resistance which in the setting of PCOS. PCOS and hyperandrogenism have been reported in many patients with type 1 diabetes. The potential underlying mechanisms and possible therapeutic approaches for type 1 diabetic women with PCOS and hyperandrogenism will be explored. The goal is to help improve awareness and discuss the clinical implications of the coexistence of these disorders in this particular patient population
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