Abstract
BackgroundThe important role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in cancer has been demonstrated in many studies. Prostate cancer gene expression marker 1 (PCGEM1) is a lncRNA specifically expressed within the prostate and overexpressed in many cancer cells. Numerous studies have shown that PCGEM1 promotes cell proliferation, invasion and migration. However, the specific mechanism of PCGEM1 within prostate cancer (PCa) has not been elucidated. MicroRNA-506-3p (miR-506-3p) is a noncoding RNA, and studies have indicated that miR-506-3p is downregulated in prostate cancer cell lines and functions as a tumor suppressor.MethodsThe TCGA (GEPIA) database (http://gepia.cancer-pku.cn/) was employed to measure PCGEM1 levels in PCa. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to determine the PCGEM1 gene level. CCK-8 (Cell Counting Kit-8) and colony formation assays were used to detect cell proliferation, and Transwell assays were applied to assess cell invasion and migration. The interacting ability of miR-506-3p with PCGEM1 or TRIAP1 was validated through a dual-luciferase reporter assay. TRIAP1 protein expression was detected by Western blotting.ResultsPCGEM1 expression was increased in PCa tissues and cells. In PCa tissues, High PCGEM1 expression was associated with high Gleason score, distant metastasis and extracapsular extension. In addition, PCGEM1 knockdown inhibited PCa cell (C4-2B and PC-3) proliferation, invasion and migration. miR-506-3p may interact with PCGEM1 or TRIAP1, and the suppressive effect of PCGEM1 knockdown was reversed when TRIAP1 or a miR-506-3p inhibitor was cotransfected.ConclusionPCGEM1 expression increased in PCa cells and tissues, enhancing PCa cell proliferation, migration and invasion by sponging miR-506 to upregulate TRIAP1.
Highlights
The important role of long noncoding RNAs in cancer has been demonstrated in many studies
Prostate cancer gene expression marker 1 (PCGEM1) is overexpressed in prostate cancer (PCa) cells and tissues The PCGEM1 level in PCa was analyzed via TCGA (GEPIA) using the cutoff threshold of P < 0.001 and log2 |fold change|> 1
Statistical analysis showed that PCGEM1 levels in PCa samples were increased relative to those in normal samples (Fig. 1B). 50 PCa patients were divided into two groups: high PCGEM1 expression and low PCGEM1 expression groups using the median value
Summary
The important role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in cancer has been demonstrated in many studies. Prostate cancer gene expression marker 1 (PCGEM1) is a lncRNA expressed within the prostate and overexpressed in many cancer cells. Numerous studies have shown that PCGEM1 promotes cell proliferation, invasion and migration. The specific mechanism of PCGEM1 within prostate cancer (PCa) has not been elucidated. MicroRNA-506-3p (miR-506-3p) is a noncoding RNA, and studies have indicated that miR-506-3p is downregulated in prostate cancer cell lines and functions as a tumor suppressor. Aberrant levels of lncRNAs have been detected in many cancers and play important roles in modulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis and invasion. Prostate cancer gene expression marker 1 (PCGEM1) is a well-recognized early carcinogenic lncRNA in PCa [5] that is markedly increased in PCa tissue relative to noncarcinoma tissues, and increased PCGEM1 expression is associated with a family history of PCa [6]. There have been many studies on PCGEM1 in the past 15 years, the role of PCGEM1 in transcriptional regulation is not completely clear
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