PC76 DIET AND NUTRITIONAL RISK FACTORS IN SCHOOLCHILDREN

Abstract

Introduction: Inadequate diet and nutrient intakes present a potential nutritive risk factors for malnutrition and chronic noncomunicable diseases.The objective of this study has been to determine the quality of family nutrition and nutritional status of schoolchildren. Methods: A representative sample of 167 girls and 197 boys aged 15 from eight grade of elementary school in Subotica examined during sistematic examination. Evaluation of nutritional status was done on the basis of BMI(kg/m2) NHANES I and biochemical parameters by software “CHILD”. A 7 day food records of food consumption by questionnaire were used by the aid of software “NUTQ” for evaluation of energy and nutrient intake. Results: Normal nutritional status (BMI P15–85) was noted at 65.5% of boys and 69.5% of girls, underweight (BMI<P5) at 4.0–7.0% of children, moderate underweight (BMI P5–15) at 7.8–17.0%, while overweight (BMI P85–95) was noted at 8.3–12.6% and obesity (BMI>P95) at 3.6–5.2% of boys and girls.Increased values of total cholesterol can be seen at 6–8% of them, increased values of LDL-cholesterol at 4–7%,and hypertrigliceridemia at 16% of boys and girls. Mean energy intake in family nutrition was 2528 kcal where the proteins were represented with 15%, fats with 40% and carbohydrates with 45%. Analysing the percentage supply of different food groups in daily energy, milk and products contributed with 11.3%, meat and products with 18%, fat and oils with 9%, cereales and grains with 32%, sugar and sweet 9%, vegetables 4%, fruit 7% and fish only with 1%.Nutritive risk factors of family nutrition exist in 65% of families in the form of increased intake of fats over 30% of energy value(EV), than sugar over 10% EV in 60%,saturated fatty acids over 10%EV in 57%, ratio P/Z<0.4 in 66%, cholesterol intake over 300mg/day in 15%,while in all families there were determined consumption of salt over 6g/day and insuficiency of dietary fibre, with insufficient intake of most vitamins and minerals. Conclusion: Majority risk factors are in connection with eating and lifestyle patterns already adopted in childhood and youth with tracking phenomen which is the most important fact for primary prevention.Registered inadequate nutritional status and nutritive risk factors points out the necessity of preventive measure like continually monitoring, early detection and treatment of high risk children with parallel conducting the population nutrition and health promotion strategy.