PB2105 RESULTS OF BONE DENSITOMETRY IN PATIENTS WITH MULTIPLE MYELOMA DURING TREATMENT

Abstract

Background:Multiple myeloma is a malignant tumor consisting of plasma cells, with infiltration which increases bone resorption, increases the activity of osteoclasts, changes bone mineral density in the form of osteopenia and osteoporosisAims:to evaluate and compare bone density over time in patients with multiple myeloma after high‐dose chemotherapy with autotransplantation of hematopoietic stem cells.MethodsPrior to treatment, all patients (n = 64) were densitometry of the spine, both hip joints in a direct projection and repeated after 7‐12 months (m = 10). The results were evaluated by the T‐test in the values of standard deviations (SD): norm (+ 2.5SD> ‐1SD); osteopenia (<‐1SD> ‐2.5SD); osteoporosis <‐2.5SD. The results of densitometry in patients with multiple myeloma were compared before and after high‐dose chemotherapy with autotransplantation of hematopoietic stem cells, and patients who received standard chemotherapy.Results:Before treatment, the data of densitometry in the group of patients with chemotherapy (n = 35): in 12 (34.2%) patients the norm (‐0.425 ± 0.078SD); 18 (54.4%) patients had osteopenia (‐1.633 ± 0.056 SD); in 5 (14.2%) osteoporosis (‐2.62 ± 0.033 SD). In the group of patients with stem cell transplantation (n = 29), the following results were obtained: the norm (‐0.4 ± 0.145 SD) in 8 (27.5%) people; osteopenia (‐1.831 ± 0.071 SD) ‐ in 16 (55.1%) patients; osteoporosis (‐2.68 ± 0.033 SD) ‐ in 5 (17.4%) people. In the statistical analysis, the median MTF of both groups was m = ‐1.6SD. After the treatment, 10–12 months later, in the control group with chemotherapy (n = 35), the changes were less pronounced: the norm (–0.467 ± 0.077 SD) in 12 (34.2%) patients; in 18 (54.4%) patients with osteopenia (‐1.472 ± 0.056 SD); osteoporosis (‐2.7 ± 0.063 SD) in 5 (14.2%) people. In the group of patients with transplantation after the treatment, the indicators were as follows: T‐criterion is within normal limits (–0.137 ± 0.135 SD); osteopenia (‐1.83 ± 0.071 SD) osteoporosis (‐2.64 ± 0.022 SD). When analyzing the changes in the density level in each specific patient before and after treatment using the Student's t‐criterion, it turned out that in the group with high‐dose chemotherapy, the dynamics of the increase in the density level were significantly better in the groups of patients with initially normal and osteoporotic groups (= 5.77; (p <0.001) and t = 2.45; (p <0.01), respectively, in the studied groups).Summary/Conclusion:After high‐dose chemotherapy with autotransplantation of hematopoietic stem cells, the mineral density of bone tissue increases significantly, which can be assessed by densitometric studies.