Abstract
Background: Etiology of acute leukemias have been investigated for a long time. Although the exact causes are not known, both genetic and environmental factors are thought to play an important role. Some infectious agents underlie etiology of many haematological malignancies. Evidence suggests antigenic stimulation consequent to community – acquired infections may stimulate oncogens or may disrupt tumor supressor genes. Therefore seasonal changes in incidence of acute leukemia have been studied over the last 2 decades with mixed results. Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate seasonal changes in the incidence of acute leukemia in adults. Methods: Data from Dr. Abdurrahman Yurtaslan Ankara Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Stem Cell Transplantation Unit database were retrospectively analyzed. Results: A total of 252 patients with acute leukemia had received allogeneic bone marrow transplantation at our center between March 2009 and December 2018. Their data were retrospectively analyzed. 152 patients had acute myeloid leukemia (AML, n = 152) and 100 patients had acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL, n = 100). No relation was found between season of first diagnose date and incidence of AML and ALL(p = 0.900, p = 0.206,respectively) Summary/Conclusion: Environmental factors including infections have long been suspected as a probable factor in the etiology of leukemias. If there is a seasonal variation in the onset of leukemia, this may be interpreted as supportive evidence of infectious etiology but in our study, we found no seasonal effect related to date of diagnosis.
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