Abstract
The electrical characteristics of PZT 52/48 and PZTN 52/48 could be improved with a pair doping method, i.e. by doping monovalent cation R+ with an equal amount of trivalent cation R3+. The doping pairs could promote the densification of the ceramics and provide charge compensation for the unbalanced charge arising from Li2CO2 or Li2CO3 doping. The pair doping method also released the problem of adding excess PbO for compensation of PbO evaporation in sintering and as liquid-phase former. Since the doping pair, such as the Li-Bi pair, could serve as a liquid-phase former, also, but with improved characteristics. If the samples were sintered under appropriate conditions, the obtained characteristics were comparatively process-insensitive. The optimal sintering conditions were at 1050‡ C for 2h. With the Li-Bi doping pair and sintered under these conditions, the PZTN 52/48 could have akp of about 60%, frequency constantN of about 1840 kHz mm,Qm of about 255 ande33T of about 1070.
Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
