Patterns of Tetragonula Laeviceps (Smith) colony activity in KHDTK Gunung Bromo UNS

Abstract

Due to climate change, many impacts occur on the sustainability of organisms, including the trigona bee. The occurrence of climate change not only affects decreasing honey production but also reduces the number of colonies. Presume that it can change the activity pattern of the trigona bee. This study aims to determine the pattern of activity demonstrated by Tetragonula laeviceps (Smith) colony in KHDTK Gunung Bromo UNS. This research was conducted in July 2021 at KHDTK Gunung Bromo UNS. The observation involved 128 colony boxes placed into four cages, namely cages A, B, C, and D. Observations on the activity of trigona bees starting from 06.00 WIB to 18.00 WIB, assuming trigona bee activity begins in the morning and end the activity outside the hive after sunset. The results showed that of the cages A, B, C, and D, the worker bees tend to be active in the morning (6-10 am) to collect nectars and resin. Before noon (10 to 12 noon), bee activities were decreasing. The activity of the worker bees increased between 12 to 2 pm and decreased again after that time slot. The food source most favored by trigona bees: Pinus merkusii (rp), Artocarpus heterophyllus (r), Spathiphyllum wallisii (np), and Xanthostemon chrysanthus (np). Resin extractions are very needed for bees as batumen materials, and this is due to natural enemies (lizards, ants, vespa wasps, and spiders) that appear around the cage.