Patterns of Odonata Assemblages in Lotic and Lentic Systems in the Ankasa Conservation Area, Ghana

Issah Seidu,Emmanuel Danquah,Collins Ayine Nsor,Samuel K Oppong,Paul Tehoda

doi:10.1155/2019/3094787

Issah Seidu, Emmanuel Danquah + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/3094787

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Abstract

Our study examined Odonata assemblages distribution pattern and the predictive factors that accounted for this in the lotic and lentic water systems within the Ankasa Conservation Area (Ghana). A total of 23 sites with sampling protocol of 2 researchers per hour per sampling site were used to survey Odonata species over two seasons in the three water bodies (streams, rivers, and ponds). Broken stick model, individual-based rarefaction, and Renyi diversity ordering were employed to quantify community assemblages. Ordination technique was also used to determine the Odonata-environmental relationship. A total of 1403 individuals, belonging to 47 species (22 Zygoptera and 25 Anisoptera) in six families, were recorded. Species richness (Hc = 3.414, p = 0.169) and diversity (Hc = 1.661, p = 0.44) generally did not differ among the three water systems. However, from individual sites, ponds appeared mostly diverse (α-scale = 0.04, Renyi index (r) = 5.86 to α = 3.5, r = 3.12), in spite of their lowest species abundance and richness. At the suborder level, ponds equally exhibited the highest Anisoptera species richness (9.90 ± SE 0.640) compared with Zygopterans (0.80± SE 0.291). Overall, Anisopterans (K= 16.51, p= 0.00026) and Zygopterans richness (K= 16.39, p= 0.00023) differed significantly among the three subsystems, while Odonata composition also differed significantly among the various water bodies (ANOSIM: global R= 0.94, p<0.001). Flow rate, water temperature, channel width, and turbidity were the key predictive factors that influence the structure of Odonata species assemblages. The results highlight the need to improve the functional status of the lentic and lotic systems, with the ultimate goal of conserving diverse Odonata fauna and other sympatric freshwater biodiversity.

Highlights

Freshwater habitats cover only 1% of the total earth surface and contain 10% of the earth biodiversity [1]
Libellulidae was the dominant family with 13 species, Table 1 (a) Checklist and abundance of Zygoptera species recorded in streams, rivers, and ponds in the Ankasa Conservation Area
Total 19 22 2 49 20 52 24 39 4 13 21 26 13 12 6 5 47 8 2 26 54 37 (b) Checklist and abundance of Anisoptera species recorded in streams, rivers, and ponds in the Ankasa Conservation Area

Summary

Introduction

Freshwater habitats cover only 1% of the total earth surface and contain 10% of the earth biodiversity [1]. Freshwater resources are the major sources of livelihood to Afrotropical rural and periurban folks [2]. They provide water supplies for human consumption, industrial utilization, and ecosystems support for fisheries and other aquatic biodiversity. Many wetlands worldwide are experiencing dramatic anthropic change, mostly for agricultural purpose [4]. These changes are associated with abiotic conditions which are normally not found in nature with cascading impacts on residence aquatic biota

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