Abstract
Background: Lymphomas represent a biologically and clinically heterogeneous group of neoplasms. They have historically and clinically been divided into two groups, Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL). This study aimed to identify patterns in lymphomas in Misan city, Iraq, and evaluate the characteristics of this disease. Methods: A retrospective, observational, single-center study was conducted at Al-Shifaa Oncology Center, Al-Sadder Teaching Hospital, Misan city, Iraq, between 1 April 2016 and 30 April 2018. A total of 80 Misanian participants (48 (60%) men and 32 (40%) women) who had lymphoma were involved in this study. The sources of information were patient files, histopathology reports, and patients’ oncologist reports. Results: The mean age (±SD) of participants was 36 ±12.8 years. The male to female ratio was 1.5:1. NHL cases were three times more prevalent than HL. The most frequent stage at presentation was stage IV, in 34 (42.5%) participants. The classical subtypes of HL were present in 14 (70%) of HL cases. The diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) subtype was the most common NHL subtype, being recorded for 44 (73.3%) of participants. Conclusion: Lymphomas were more frequent in men. NHL was more common than HL; one HL case was diagnosed for every three NHL cases. The most common histopathology of HL was mixed cellularity, while DLBCL was the most common subtype of NHL. Most cases presented at an advanced stage, resulting in a late diagnosis.
Highlights
The term lymphoma refers to a heterogeneous group of neoplasms that originate from lymphoid cells
Half of the participants were in the 31–60 year age group, 24 (30%) of participants were aged >60 years, and just 16 (20%) belonged to the 10–30 year age group
The majority of Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) cases presented as the classical subtype (70%), while 30% of cases encountered were of the nodular subtype (30%)
Summary
The term lymphoma refers to a heterogeneous group of neoplasms that originate from lymphoid cells. The subtypes of classical lymphomas include nodular sclerosis (the most common subtype, comprising 60–65% of cases), mixed cellularity (15–30%), lymphocyte-rich (5%), and lymphocyte-depleted (1%)[1,3]. DLBCL is the most common histological subtype in adults[4]. The incidence increases with age, while a family history of lymphoma, autoimmune disease, human immunodeficiency virus infection, hepatitis C virus seropositivity, and a high body-mass as a young adult have all been identified as risk factors of DLBCL4,5. Lymphomas represent a biologically and clinically heterogeneous group of neoplasms They have historically and clinically been divided into two groups, Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL). The diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) subtype was the most common NHL subtype, being recorded for 44 (73.3%) of participants. Most cases presented at an advanced stage, resulting in a late diagnosis
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