Abstract
Granular convection/separation of single and binary component particles are studied in a narrow vibration bed, respectively. With filling the single light particles (molecular sieve beads), the bed exhibits five different states successively by increasing the vibration frequency f from 15Hz to 70 Hz (vibration strength Γ>3), as the global convection, symmetrical heap, unsymmetrical heap, local convection and pseudo solid. Comparatively, the granular bed of the single heavy particles (steel beads) is only in pseudo solid state at the above vibration condition. By filling binary component particles (molecular sieve and same size steel beads) instead of the single component, the bed shows similar convection state with that of the single molecular sieve beads, and the heavy steel beads are aggregated in the centre of convention roll as a core. Varying the initial distribution of binary component particles, the final convection and separation are not influenced, although the aggregation process of steel beads changes.
Highlights
Granular matter wildly exist in industry and agriculture
Size segregation is known as the Brazil nut (BN) effect when large particles rise to the top; by contrast, in the reverse effect, called the reverse BN (RBN) effect, large particles sink to the bottom
Besides “BN”, “RBN” and “Sandwich” separation, several studies [8,9,10,11] reported that clusters can be formed in the granular bed
Summary
Binary mixture would show diffrent types of separation. King et al [5,6] investigated equal-sized glass–copper system and found that heavy copper powder rises to the bed top, whereas light glass powder sinks to the bed bottom at low vibration frequencies. At high vibration frequencies, the mixture separates into the “Sandwich” configuration, with copper powders distributed at the middle of the bed. Shi et al [7] found that light particles tend to rise and form a pure layer on the top of the granular bed, with a mixed part of heavy particles and some light particles at the bottom of the bed; these particles form a partially separation state. Besides “BN”, “RBN” and “Sandwich” separation, several studies [8,9,10,11] reported that clusters can be formed in the granular bed
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