Patterns of Dyslipidemia Among Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) Patients at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Lahore, Pakistan.

Abstract

Dyslipidemia refers to the presence of abnormalities in lipid parameters. It has become a global issue with a high risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The aim of the investigation was to find out the pattern and prevalence of dyslipidemia among patients with the acute coronary syndrome (ACS). A cross-sectional study design was used. Data were collected using convenient sampling from 101 patients presenting with ACS, admitted at the critical care unit (CCU) / Rasheeda BegumCardiacCentre (RBCC) of Shalamar Hospital, during a 12-month period from January 2020 to December 2021. Dyslipidemia is diagnosed by testing the lipid profile when there are one or more abnormal readings of the lipid profile. Nearly 43 (42.6%) had ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), 27 (26.7%) had non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), and 31 (30.7%) were categorized as unstable angina (USA). Overall dyslipidemia was present in 84 (83.2%) patients. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 55 (65%) in male patients and 29 (34.5%) in female patients. Dyslipidemia was present in 39 (90.7%) patients with STEMI, 25 (80.6%) in the USA, and 20 (74.1%) with NSTEMI. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was quite high among ACS patients. The proportion of obese patients was also high in our study. However, dyslipidemia was more frequent in overweight patients.