Patterns of Distribution of Sugar Maple, Acer saccharum Marsh., in Northern Cape Breton Island

Abstract

An investigation has been made of the distribution patterns of Acer saccharum Marsh. on, and in close proximity to the limit of the range of the species in, northern Cape Breton Island. The limit of the range of the species cannot now be clearly delineated at sea level, but at greater elevations varies from altitudes of the order of 800 feet on seaward slopes to 1300 feet inland. In both primeval and second growth areas the density and dominance of the species vary widely, with a trend toward lower stocking with increasing altitudes. In some areas the limit of the range is marked by widely scattered trees whereas in others the density of the species is fairly high. Irrespective of stocking, there is no gradual transition in size toward a depauperate form or a marked decrease in vigour upon approaching the limit of the range of the species. On the basis of present evidence it is difficult to decide whether the limit of the range is stationary, advancing or retreating.