Patterns of damage to Tilia cordata by Phyllonorycter issikii (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) in Izhevsk City

Abstract

Patterns of damage to the small-leaved lime Tilia cordata Mill. by the lime miner Phyllonorycter issikii Kumata (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) were monitored in the city of Izhevsk from 1999 to 2002. The connection between the degree of damage done by the miner with that of environmental pollution with heavy metals (zinc, copper, iron, and lead) was shown. Smaller damage to the lime in localities with high content of heavy metals ensures preservation of foliage and creates favorable conditions for successful use of lime trees in urban landscaping.