Abstract
In an open, multicentre clinical trial (GCP), 136 patients with cancer were included to develop a quality of life instrument. After completion of primary cancer therapy, patients received subcutaneous injections of a standardized mistletoe extract preparation corresponding to a dose of approximately 5 ng mistletoe lectin twice weekly for 3 months. In 19 patients with breast or prostate cancer, immunological parameters were determined at baseline, and after 6 and 12 weeks of treatment. FACS analysis revealed a slight increase in T lymphocytes (CD3+, P = 0,13) and B lymphocytes (CD19+, P = 0.01) during treatment. The ability of patient blood cells to release cytokines was tested by measuring cytokine concentrations in the supernatants of cell cultures stimulated with two different mitogens (PHA or PWM). A mean increase was seen for IL-2, IL-10 and TNF-α (P < 0.05, PHA method after 12 weeks of treatment). For IL-1-α, IL-6, IFN-γ and IL-12 no clear effects were observed. However, the PHA and PWM methods produced different results for some cytokines.
Highlights
Lymph node biopsy is important as a prognostic factor, and influences therapy
In this study we determined the in vivo cell kinetics along the spectrum of apparently normal epithelium, hyperplasia, preinvasive lesions and invasive carcinoma, in breast tissues affected by fibrocystic changes in which preinvasive and/or invasive lesions developed, as a model of breast carcinogenesis
This study was undertaken to determine the effect of wound healing drainages and postsurgical sera obtained from breast carcinoma (BC) patients on proliferation of dormant BC cells and to assess the role of HER2 oncoprotein in this proliferation
Summary
Lymph node biopsy is important as a prognostic factor, and influences therapy. In the transition from normal epithelium to hyperplasia and from preinvasive lesions to invasive carcinoma, the net growth of epithelial cells results from a growth imbalance in favour of proliferation. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in symptomatic patients after breast cancer treatment. Conclusion: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy should be considered as a treatment option for patients with persisting symptomatology following breast-conserving therapy. We hypothesized that COX-2 expression was associated with that of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in human breast cancer. Conclusion: COX-2 expression is significantly associated with increased cellular proliferation and angiogenesis in invasive breast cancer. Recent studies have demonstrated that the sentinel node biopsy (SNB) is a reliable and minimally invasive method for determining the axillary node status in patients with breast cancer. Conclusion: Overexpression of episialin strongly inhibits fat secretion, and critically affects timing of involution of the lactating mammary gland
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